Developing your AOS project on Linux
Many CSE students have Linux machines which they would like to be
able to use to work away from the CSE labs. The following is a guide
as to how to set up the necessary drivers/software if you wish to work locally. These instructions
will be distribution specific (for Ubuntu) but they should at least give you an idea of how to set up other
distributions.
The components you will need to install are:
- Cross compilers
- Driver for the USB->serial converter
- A serial terminal program (we recommend picocom)
- TFTP server
- time server
- An NFS server/share
- netcat
Once installed, the installation can be tested by following the milestone 0 instructions.
Ubuntu Instructions
Based on Ubuntu 16.04.
Cross compilers
The Ubuntu default version of gcc-arm seems to work fine.
apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
NOTE: After checking out the AOS codebase, you will need to change the cross compiler prefix to arm-linux-gnueabi- .
Do this by running make menuconfig from the checked out check out source directory, and then going to Toolchain Options .
Installing drivers
The Ubuntu USB serial and USB Ethernet drivers seem to work by default.
You may need to install some of the following packages:
apt-get install build-essential
apt-get install git
apt-get install libncurses5-dev
apt-get install netcat.traditional
update-alternatives --set nc /bin/nc.traditional
apt-get install picocom minicom
apt-get install tftpd-hpa tftp-hpa
apt-get install nfs-kernel-server
apt-get install xinetd
apt-get install libxml2-utils
apt-get install python-tempita
apt-get install realpath
Setting up the network
Insert the USB to Ethernet adapter into a spare USB port on your Linux host
machine and run: $ dmesg . The name that your system
assigned to the Ethernet port should appear near the bottom of the output.
For example:
ax88179_178a 2-2:1.0 eth1: register 'ax88179_178a' at usb-0000:00:14.0-2, D-Link DUB-1312 USB 3.0 to Gigabit Ethernet Adapter, e4:6f:13:f3:e3:93
You may find that the port was immediately renamed:
ax88179_178a 2-2:1.0 enxe46f13f3e393: renamed from eth1
The following instructions assume that the Ethernet port was named eth1
and that no renaming occurred. If this is not the case, replace eth1
appropriately (enxe46f13f3e393 in the above example).
Add the following lines
to /etc/network/interfaces :
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.168.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
Bring up the interface:
sudo ifup eth1
Setting up the TFTP server
After installing the tftpd-hpa package, the
default Ubuntu tftp directory will be /var/lib/tftpboot . You
will either need to modify our helper scripts to match the new
default, or modify /etc/default/tftpd-hpa ,
i.e. change TFTP_DIRECTORY to match our source.
You may need to adjust ownership and/or permissions to allow
you access to the directory (e.g. chmod a+rwx
/var/lib/tftpboot if you are in a benign environment.
Our source expects the tftp directory to be /var/tftpboot/$USER.
Setting up the time server
Configure xinetd to serve time by
editing /etc/xinetd.d/time to set disable =
no , and restart via sudo service xinetd restart .
# default: off
# description: An RFC 868 time server. This protocol provides a
# site-independent, machine readable date and time. The Time service sends back
# to the originating source the time in seconds since midnight on January first
# 1900.
# This is the tcp version.
service time
{
disable = no
type = INTERNAL
id = time-stream
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcpar
user = root
wait = no
}
# This is the udp version.
service time
{
disable = no
type = INTERNAL
id = time-dgram
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
user = root
wait = yes
}
Apparently, for some versions of Ubuntu there was no obvious
ways to coerce xinetd into serving TIME. On the
other hand, it's a 5-line Java program, so writing a server for it
is left as an exercise to the reader. Have a read of
this.
Set up an NFS share
Make sure NFS server is installed:
$ apt-get install nfs-kernel-server nfs-common
Then set up the exports by editing /etc/exports and adding the following lines (adjusted for the location of your tftp root directory and your username):
/var/tftpboot/USERNAME 192.168.168.2(rw,sync,all_squash,subtree_check,anonuid=UID,anongid=GID)
Substitute /var/tftpboot/USERNAME to whatever is set TFTP_DIRECTORY
to in your tftpd configuration.
Substitute UID with your Unix user ID (usually 1000).
Substitute GID with your Unix group ID (usually 1000).
Serial Line Access
Add your account to group dialout to give access
to /dev/ttyUSB0 . You'll need to logout and back in to
update your groups. If you skip this minicom may need root permissions to run.
You may be required to change the settings for minicom. Use dmesg to work out which port the USB to serial converter has been attached to
(its usually /dev/ttyUSB0 ). Then set minicom to use that serial port, 115200 baud rate, 8N1, and no hardware flow
control, using sudo minicom -s /dev/ttyUSB0 .
Last modified:
28 Jul 2017.
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