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• File Systems
  • File sizes and usage patterns:
  • Disk characteristics
  • IBM Ultrastar Fiberchannel
  
  
• The bad old days
• The Original Unix File System (UFS)
  • New things
  • UFS problems:
  
  
• The Berkeley Fast File System (FFS)
  • FFS Main features:
  • Cylinder groups:
  • Fragments:
  • Clustering:
  • Variant: Linux Extended-2 File System (Ext2FS)
  • FFS Problem: Synchronous updates
  • Improvement:
  
  
• Alternative:
  Logging to Improve Throughput
• SGI's XFS
• Microsoft Windows-NT File System (NTFS)
  • File system meta-metadata:
  • Indices
  • NTFS metadata
  • NTFS Recoverability
  • Micro$peak translation table
  
  
• Limitations of Traditional File Systems
  • Observations:
  • How can we eliminate
  
  
• Log-Structured File System (LFS)
  • Idea: Whole disk is a log[RO92].
  • LFS metadata:
  • LFS disk layout
  • LFS cleaning
  
  
• LFS Performance: Comparison with FFS
  • Seltzer et al[SSB$^+$95]:
  • Small file microbenchmarks
  • Large file microbenchmarks
  • Throughput benchmarks
  • Throughput benchmarks
  • Transaction processing (TPC-B benchmark)
  
  
• Bibliography
• About this document ...